Inventions Of The Early 19th Century Essays - Rubber, Telegraphy

Developments of the Early nineteenth Century - - - - - Document CONTAINED: INVENT.TXT Real TOPIC: Inventions of the mid nineteenth century. Creator AND RESEARCHER: Big Brother @ The Works (617) 861-8976 - - - - - This document was initially explored and composed by Big Brother. All material utilized in the document is unique and unplagerized, so these records are SAFE to use AS-IS without any alterations other than points of interest to cover the real required point for school. Since school can be a BITCH, these documents have been set up to assistant you in your exploration, and are not expected to be as a matter of fact turned in AS-IS, however a significant number of you will hand them over since they are straightforward documents... try not to fuck up your life, consider and get passing marks, at that point find a decent line of work, bring in some cash, wed somebody you love, and live joyfully ever after... ...since, all things considered - Big Brother is Watching You! - - - - - Elder sibling's Guide to School The Dreaded Reports real examples........... Beginning OF FILE - - - - - Developments OF THE EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY The specialty of creating has been around since cures have been required also, arrangements have been required to make our lives simpler and the sky is the limit from there agreeable. From the time our progenitors colonized the shores of another land, up till the hour of the cutting edge super-conductor: individuals have made gadgets and made revelations for our sake to make life simpler for everybody. Before the mid nineteenth century correspondences were insufficient. The constraints of our hearing implied that inaccessible occasions were known long after they had happened. Frameworks of correspondence existed which were snappier then the speed of a courier - smoke signals, fires lit on slopes, flagging banners. However, these techniques must be utilized for imparting in code with pre-set up maxims as opposed to out-right correspondence. These techniques additionally required certain meteorological or geological conditions so as to work appropriately. In the nineteenth century conditions were available that made the need for new types of correspondences vital. Mechanical society required a strategy for imparting data rapidly, securely and precisely. Craftsman innovator Samuel F.B. Morse holds credit for contriving American's first economically fruitful electromagnetic message (protected in January 1836). The message was a gadget used to electrically send signals over a wire for significant distances permitting a set up correspondence connect to be produced using one city to another. (What's more, everything in the middle of.) The fundamental guideline of the message was the opening and shutting of an electrical circuit provided by a battery: the varieties of the current in the electromagnet would pull in or repulse a little arm associated with a pencil which would follow crisscross signs onto a portion of paper running under the arm at a steady speed. This early arrangement didn't offer extraordinary down to earth prospects, mostly in light of the fact that the batteries then accessible couldn't deliver a current sufficiently able to push the sign incredible separations. As a craftsman and stone worker, Morse had the individual characteristics to succeed as creator of the message: knowledge, perseverance, and an ability to learn. What he needed was: information on ongoing logical turns of events, satisfactory assets, mechanical capacity, and political impact. Like all effective creators of the nineteenth century, Morse misused his qualities and taken a shot at his shortcomings. Morse utilized Professor Leonard D. Storm's proposals of improving both his battery and electromagnet by following the proposals of Joseph Henry. Together they joined Henry's proposals and ventured up the separation they could send messages from fifty feet to ten miles. This innovation, no less significant than the message itself, was the alleged transfer framework, generally utilized today for programmed controls and alterations. Morse presented a progression of electromagnets along the line, every one of which opened and shut the switch of a progressive electric circuit, provided by it's own battery. Simultaneously Morse improved the transmitting and accepting gadgets and consummated the understand flagging framework dependent on specks and runs, which is as yet being used today. The main message line, interfacing Baltimore to New York, was introduced in 1844. Prior to this be that as it may, on May 24th, 1843 wires were hung among Washington and Baltimore where Morse sent the principal message from the Supreme Court room in Washington to Alfred Vail, Morse's right hand who was in Baltimore at a railroad terminal (41 miles away): What hath God fashioned? On May 29th, 1844 word flashed by wire from the vote based show in Baltimore that James K. Polk had been designated for the Presidency. Individuals were entranced by the Enchantment key and it was concluded that the broadcast would be utilized for the time being to report congressional doings. By 1848 each state east of the Mississippi aside from Florida was served be the

Other topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Other theme - Essay Example The exposition depicts which book was progressively powerful as to the style utilized by the writer. Dracula is ageless novel and appears to be more compelling in the composing style than Christine. Dracula is composed as an assortment of journal segments, letters, wires, and takes note. As per (Stoker 7) Dracula composes a letter to Jonathan Harker inviting him to Carpathians. The idea, Stoker tells us in the note at the beginning of the novel, is to introduce the occasions of the story as fundamental reality, in spite of the way that some area of the occasions are hard to acknowledge. The amassing of documents is like a heap of affirmation being presented at court. The fact of the matter is out †as the peruser, you get the chance to go about as judge and jury. The composed work style is immediate and amazingly speedy †the characters write in their journals fundamentally as occasions are happening, so the peruser experiences the occasions as the characters do. The epic, Dracula, is made out of a movement of first-individual journals, letters, and explanations, which suggests there are different storytellers, and alternate points of view are there spoken to. Stokers prefatory articulation explains this, and requests that the principle altering that has been done is to cross out whatever isnt imperative to the story. All the journals and letters, by and large, are decisively as they were at first made. Dracula is an activity stuffed portrayal about vampires and how to execute them. Since it is told from alternate points of view through an assortment of diary segments, letters, and notes, theres not an impressive proportion of fatigue. The story moves along at an extremely average catch, so there will never be an ideal opportunity to be depleted. The lingo is now and then inconvenient just considering the way that it was created over a century back, and there are some dim chronicled and social references that may depleting for present day per users. In Christine, the creator utilizes practically comparable style

Getting Started With the Paper Mate Write Bros

Getting Started With the Paper Mate Write BrosThe Paper Mate Write Bros is a unique twist on the high school scenario and only the best written girls are able to pass. A regular high school has nothing on this high school in that the writing competition is to write your own story and compete with other students who also want to compete in this book club type of activity. It seems like a great idea because you get to share the things you have learned in class, but the problem is the lack of structure and expectations.This is why it is such a hit with the different personalities of the students. There is no set time or period of time that these activities are expected to be done, therefore you have to plan on a weekly basis if you are going to make any progress. A problem that most people have when they start a writing club like this is they forget to bring any sort of notebooks. This is another thing you need to remember; they are not going to have a lot of money so you have to make s ure that they don't end up buying a notebook that is not going to last them long.There are different types of notebooks that you can buy at your local bookstore, but the best ones are the ones you can write on yourself. You can find notebooks that have a selection of different colors and designs, but you can also find some that have a special design like your favorite character that you can customize with a special design.Since the notebook has a variety of various color choices, they are perfect for the different characters that you are trying to get everyone involved with. One thing that you also have to remember when you are choosing the notebook for your group is that the more fun you are with this, the more fun you will have with the other participants.When you are looking at the notebook that you are going to purchase, make sure that you are taking a look at all of the essential items that go along with it. One thing that you really need to remember is that you don't have to s pend a lot of money just to have a good looking notebook. You can get the basic ones for less than $50 and you can go all out with the bright colors and fun designs.There are all sorts of different designs and themes that you can choose from, so if you are lucky enough to buy one that has the mascot that you have chosen as the main character, you can also put in a special pen that you have designed yourself. Then you can write your name on your school notebook and have the characters from the notebook write on yours.Then you can be like the main character in the notebook and use the pens to write your name and the character's names so everyone can see who is writing. This would be a great way to make everyone feel like they are a part of the movie 'Fifty Shades of Grey.'Since most of the people in the club are doing this for the fun of it, you can allow your imagination to run wild when it comes to writing your favorite movies and authors. You can even throw in some music or games t o keep everyone entertained.

Art Fakes and Forgeries Essay - 1266 Words

Chris Wiley English 1000 13 September 2010 Fakes and Forgeries Lessing v. Dutton The two essays, â€Å"What is Wrong with a Forgery,† by Alfred Lessing and â€Å"Artistic Crimes,† by Denis Dutton, explore the different reasons that they give negative connotation to the concept of an artistic forgery. Each author concludes that a forgery is indeed wrongful, however their reasons for this conclusion differ in several distinct ways. This essay will summarize both authors’ main points and compare and contrast the fundamental differences of their arguments. Lessing begins â€Å"What is Wrong with a Forgery† by establishing that forgeries are not void of aesthetic value. In fact, he states that a clear distinction must be made between the†¦show more content†¦Lessing uses this concept to draw a distinction between creativity or originality and reproduction or technique. Technique, he says is public, it is something anyone can possess or learn, while originality or creativity is a deeper concept to explore. Both qualities in pe rfect balance, he asserts, are necessary to create a great work of art. Lessing says forgery is in the concept of originality and not technique stating, â€Å"forgery is a concept that can be made meaningful only by reference to the concept of originality, and hence only to art viewed as a creative, not as a reproductive or technical, activity. The element of performance or technique in art cannot be an object for forgery because technique is not the kind of thing that can be forged. Technique is, as it were, public.† In the Vermeer case, it is not the technique that was forged but his discovery of it; his originality in its use. Lessing further defines his view of artistic originality and its importance. He contends that true artistic originality comes from the impact on the history and progression of art. Vermeer, he says was a great artist because he brought new and original technique and style to the artistic community and profoundly impacted art history. The ability to produce aesthetically beautiful pieces of art is not all that makes a great artist, but it is this originality or â€Å"the fact that [Vermeer] painted certainShow MoreRelated Stolen and Forged Artwork Essay1313 Words   |  6 PagesForged Artwork Since the beginning of its existence, art collecting has been a rather dangerous endeavor. Artwork fakes and even stolen art have been documented since the days of ancient Rome. Even then, the Romans often sought classical Greek artwork and sculptures, and more often than not, works purchased were by Roman artists trying to imitate classic Greek works (Kaufman 36). Today, modern day forgers are still trying to fool art enthusiasts and are becoming increasingly sophisticated inRead MoreArt Forgery886 Words   |  4 PagesForgery is a normal aspect of the art world. This topic is about the skill involved in producing true forgeries within the world of art. It is stressed that the forger is to be seen as an artist, in that he or she must sometimes enter the mind of the original artist, master his or her techniques, and otherwise execute works that can withstand the expert eye. There are many ways that people will do in order to make a fast buck without thinking about the techniques that are done to detect forgeryRead MoreEssay on Progression of the Kouroi1333 Words   |  6 PagesProgression of the Kouroi What is a kouros? In Greek, kouros means a young man. In art, a kouros is a statue of a young nude male who stands with his hands at his sides and one leg, usually his left, advanced. Throughout the Archaic period, which dates from 610 B.C. to 480 B.C., the basic pose of kouroi (plural for kouros) remained the same, though the anatomy of the figures gradually became more naturalistic or true to life. The ideology that the Greek sculptors wanted to achieve greaterRead MoreImage Tampering Essay1098 Words   |  5 Pagesphotograph as the source, it uses the portion of the unique base photograph as its supply. Therefore, the source and the destination of the modified image originate from the same image. Photoshop Clone Stamp Tool can be used to reap such sort of forgery. Blurring is usually carried out alongside the border of the changed region to reduce the impact of irregularities among the unique and pasted place. The 2nd kind of IT strategies is referred to as Image-Splicing, that is a technique that entailsRead MoreThe Man in the High Castle: Criticisms of Reality and Dictatorship1322 Words   |  6 Pagesmemorabilia. In this way, a large market for forgeries has emerged, and Fink works creating replicas in this large secret industry. His struggle as an undetected Jew of low class parallels his occupation in an industry of deception. â€Å"No one could possibly estimate the percentage of forgeries in circulation. And no one – especially the dealers – wanted to. †¦ The fakes would undermine the value of the real. It was fine until questioned† (pg. 48). In this way, the fake antiquity industry is a reflectionRead MoreThe Man in the High Castle: Criticisms of Reality and Dictatorship by Philip K. Dick1296 Words   |  6 Pagesmemorabilia. In this way, a large market for forgeries has emerged, and Fink works creating replicas in this large secret industry. His struggle as an undetected Jew of low class parallels his occupation in an industry of deception. â€Å"No one could possibly estimate the percentage of forgeries in circulation. And no one – especially the dealers – wanted to. †¦ The fakes would undermine the value of the real. It was fine until questioned† (pg. 48). In this way, the fake antiquity industry is a reflectionRead MoreEssay on Robert Elliots Faking Nature3130 Words   |  13 Pageswas akin to art forgery. Just as a copied art work could not reproduce the value of the original, restored nature could not reproduce the value of nature. I reject Elliots art forgery analogy, and argue that his paper provides grounds for distinguishing between two forms of restoration that must be given separate normative consideration: (1) malicious restorations, those undertaken as a means of justifying harm to nature, and (2) benevolent restorations, or, those which are akin to art restorationsRead MoreEssay about Rich Rollin657 Words   |  3 PagesWritten Assignment Art Theft There are several agencies around the world working to curtail art theft and recover stolen works. The assignment will require you to explore several website to learn more about their efforts, examine one case of art theft and identify why art is so valuable. Prepare a five paragraph essay citing at least two sources. Explore the following websites and become familiar with the efforts being made to stop art theft internationally. Discuss what each sites has to offersRead MoreArt History: Mask of Agamemnon1769 Words   |  8 PagesANCIENT ART 200 Was the Mask Of Agamemnon Edited by Schliemann and his Workers? 5/14/2011 Sandra.Baah | Schliemann was a German archeologist who excavated the shaft graves of Mycenae. He found a mask which has been claimed to be the mask of Agamemnon. This has brought up endless debates about the authenticity of the mask. The mask is said to be one of Schliemanns forgeries. Some scholars claim the mask is too new or does not have any qualities that prove that it is Mycenaean. It is difficult toRead MoreA Lecture On Chatterton, Oscar Wilde s Career738 Words   |  3 Pagesclose attention to Chatterton enabled Wilde to understand that the astonishing inventiveness of the Rowley forgeries evinced the imaginative impulse that inspired the finest forms of imaginative literature. Exploiting the links between imagination, authenticity, and truth, Chatterton’s artistic originality arose in fabrications that conjured a literary past that historically never existed. Such fakes, Wilde knew from his reading about Chatterton, might strike some interpreters as the result of ungovernable

Ethnic Group Conflict The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Social perception is powerfully mediated by cultural conformity, especially when it concerns religious beliefs. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict demonstrates this concept vividly. Both sides harbor antagonistic social perceptions against each other. Only by changing these perceptions can a reconciliation be reached. The opposing views result in a biased lens, which only serves to uphold the traditionally held generalities each culture has of the other. Even though religion is a primary theme in the conflict between these two groups, it may only be the bridge that transcends all the differences of the two ethnic groups. The concept of peace building may help to change perceptions and cultivate positive interactions when it emphasizes†¦show more content†¦These two ethnic group engage in war with each other because of long-held stereotypical beliefs about each other which is the result of a biased perspective. For example, the Israeli people believe that the Palestinian s are using peace seeking strategies as a temporary scheme, and that their true objective is to conquer and control Palestine. On the other hand, many of the Palestinians perceive that Israel does not wish to achieve a peaceful resolution with Israeli citizens, but instead desires to remain in control of the land between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea. It is challenging to understand the precise demands of either side of this conflict because of the differing interpretations and opinions. However, there are many people on each side who disagree with the political issues of these warring groups. Social psychologists Fritz Heider formed the balance theory, in which he states that people look for consistency among their attitudes (Shiraev Levy, 2010). In other words, a person feels balanced if he or she and a person he or she likes agree on a topic, or if he or she and a person he or she dislikes disagrees on a topic (Shiraev Levy, 2010). According to Heider (1959), individuals often overrate the positive attributes of those they like and undervalue positive attributes in those they dislike. People also tend to emphasize the negative attributes of those peopleShow MoreRelatedEssay about Ethnic Conflict in the Middle East1665 Words   |  7 PagesEthnic Conflict in the Middle East Ethnic conflicts are well rooted in the worlds history and perhaps inherent in human nature. This type of conflict is difficult to resolve as is evident in the situation in the Middle East. The ethnic conflict theory explains that it is not territory, politics, or economics that prevents the achievement of peace between the Israeli and Palestinian peoples, instead, it is a deep-seated hatred of one another that neither group can overcome. TheRead MoreIsrael And Palestine Conflict Between Judaism And Islam1568 Words   |  7 PagesIsrael and Palestine The conflict between the Palestinians and the Israelis is largely a religious conflict. Even though religion, ethnicity, territory, and politics are inextricably interwoven, the conflict is largely fueled and driven on by the religious rift between Judaism and Islam. Without the religious component of a Jewish state and the religious identity of the Palestinians clashing against one another, perhaps the conflict would still have emerged out of territorial or nationalistic disputesRead MorePeace : A Power Sharing Approach1091 Words   |  5 PagesAlthough one state between the Jordan River and Mediterranean Sea is the de facto situation (Mearsheimer 144), Palestinians are deprived of basic rights, including freedom of movement and political rights. The elongated peace process has been used as a stalling tactic to build Israeli settlements in the occupied territories, displacing an increasing number of Palestinians. Islamic groups discourage peace talks or any notion of the normaliza tion of relations with Israel (Haass 57). A successful negotiationRead MoreYear Land Size West Bank Share Essay1011 Words   |  5 Pages(World Fact-Book, 2001). Israeli governments have supported settlers in various ways, including providing them land, cheap mortgages, tax reductions, grants, subsidies and employment and deplying IDF to guard settlements. In per capita terms, the government has invested more in the settlements than in Israel propers. In the 1990s for example, 5.3 m of road per person were paved in Israel proper. compared with 17.2 m in the territories. One of the core demands of the Palestinian negotiators at Oslo andRead MoreIs Israel’s Very Survival Dependent on the Creation of a Stable and Viable Palestinian State?748 Words   |  3 Pagesdependent on the creation of a stable and viable Palestinian state? Let us have ambitions; ambitions to move beyond the violence and occupation, to the day when two states, Palestine and Israel, can live together side by side in peace and security. ~King Abdullah II. In the country of Israel there are two conflicting ethnic/religious groups, the Israelis and the Palestinians. Israelis have most of the power, and run the actual state of Israel, whereas Palestinians have only inconsequential amounts of authorityRead MoreThe Conflict Of The Arab Israeli Conflict1420 Words   |  6 PagesArab-Israeli conflict; all of which seek to discern the culprit and contrive a remedy. The story behind this age old conflict is, as quoted by Israeli historian Illan Pappe, â€Å"the simple but horrific story of the ethnic cleansing of Palestine† (qtd. In â€Å"The Catastrophe†). As such, thorough review of the causes behind this ethnocentric conflict is vital in understanding the tumultuous power struggle in Israel and the violent instability of the reg ion as a whole. While many believe the conflict is ofRead MoreConflicting Narratives Of The Israeli Palestinian Conflict1737 Words   |  7 PagesConflicting narratives in the Israeli Palestinian conflict Any reference to conflict turns history into a reservoir of blame. In the presence of conflict, narratives differ and multiply to delegitimize the opponent and to justify one’s own action. Narratives shape social knowledge. The Israeli Palestinian conflict, both Jews and Muslims, view the importance of holding the territories through religious, ideological, and security lenses, based on belief that Palestine was given by divine providenceRead MoreThe Struggle For Land And Palestine : What s The Problems Ahead?1698 Words   |  7 PagesPalestine: What’s the Problems Ahead? Abstract The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is a continuing conflict, which is a part of Arab-Israel conflict and the Middle East war. This paper mainly explores the conflicts which caused the struggle for land in Israel and Palestine. Why Is It So Hard to Stop Struggling For Land? The land struggle between Israel and Palestine have never ended for almost a century. Today, though there are a lot of agreements, the conflicts and the possibility of the war are still existentRead MoreIsrael Is A Small Democracy At The Eastern End Of The Mediterranean1349 Words   |  6 Pagespersons speaking the Arabic language. By this definition, there are about 250 million Arabs worldwide, most found in the group of countries occupying North Africa and the western part of the Middle East. Most Arabs are Muslims, but a significant minority (about 10 percent) in the Arab Middle East are Christians, and some are secular (profess no religion). Most Israelis and many non-Israeli Jews, as well as other supporters of Israel worldwide, see Israel as a refuge for Jews made necessary by the HolocaustRead MoreThe Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine Essay1632 Words   |  7 PagesIsrael successfully fought off the pan-Arab army while other Israeli combatants terrorized and depopulated the countryside. Ilan Pappe termed the depopulation of Palestinians as â€Å"ethnic cleansing† but can this phrase be properly used when discussing the events of 1947-1948? To answer this question one must determine if there is a well-established definition of the phrase ‘ethnic cleansing’ and also establish that this was the intent of the Zionists, both initially and subsequently. This can be

Mustafa Establish The Republic Of Turkey - 1467 Words

1. Mustafa Kemal helped establish the Republic of Turkey and became its first president. Born in the Ottoman Empire, he dethroned Sultan Abdul Hamid II in the Young Turk Revolution in 1908. Soon after, he rose up the ranks in the Ottoman military; he fought in the Italo-Turkish War in 1911, in the Balkan Wars from 1912 to 1913, and in the Great War from 1915 to 1918. He became well-known after the strong resistance in Dardanelles against the Allies. After the Treaty of Sevres, the Allies took control of vital forts near the waterways; this would endanger the security of the country. In 1919, Mustafa Kemal organized resistance against those forces, especially the Greek. In 1923, The Treaty of Lausanne was signed, and the Republic of Turkey was established, with Mustafa Kemal as its first president. During his presidency, he strived to keep Turkey neutral in global affairs, and modernize the country, socially and industrially. When last names were introduced to Turkey, he adopted the last name, â€Å"Ataturk,† meaning â€Å"Father of the Turks,† soon after. 2. Enver Pasha was greatly responsible for the Ottoman participation in the Great War, and the numerous Armenian deaths in the forced deportation. Training in Germany at a young age, he was fascinated by the German military system, and tried to reform Ottoman military lines in a more German way. He organized the Young Turk Revolution in 1908, the defense of Libya against Italy in 1911, and the recapture of Edirne in 1913. He heldShow MoreRelatedThe Historical Foundations Of The Norwegian Constitution855 Words   |  4 Pageshistory, the Republic of Turkey is a fairly young nation, established in October of 1923 (TCF, 2015). Little remains of historical ties to the Ottoman Republic, however, it’s fall during the first World War gave way to the post war Turkish National Liberation Movement, led by Mustafa Kernal. Kernel was later named Mustafa Atatà ¼rk, or father of the Turks. Page 12 of 36 Atatà ¼rk’s achievements include the signing of Lausanne Peace Treaty, with most notably Britain, Greece and France. It was Mustafa Atatà ¼rk’sRead MoreA Free Democratic Environment : The Farmer s Wife By Mustafa Kemal Ataturk2013 Words   |  9 PagesEligible for Education? Negative! Is that ethical? Are those â€Å"rights† considered to be women rights? Would this occur in a free democratic environment? Definitely not! Mustafa Kemal Atatà ¼rk did not accept this old fashioned Islamic mindset, which was still dictated by the Ottoman Empire. He had the idea to lead Turkey into a democratic, independent future, because he was a visionary and ethical leader he took action. Visionary Leader The MP1 reflects his visions, why he wanted to rebuildRead MoreEssay about Ghandi Vs. Kemal668 Words   |  3 Pages Compare and contrast Mustafa Kemal with Mohandas Gandhi, explain their similarities and differences. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In 1918, the Ottoman Turks were already independent, and consequently the allies (the United States, Great Britain, and France) wanted to make them pay. They were going to divide the Turkish territory among themselves. These were the conditions in Turkey at the time. The Turks’ feelings about being split up between the allies and the Greeks were very simple. ObviouslyRead MoreTurkish Reform Under Mustafa â€Å"Ataturk† Kemal: a Review on the Six Arrows of Kemalism3001 Words   |  13 PagesTurkish Reform Under Mustafa â€Å"Ataturk† Kemal: A Review on the Six Arrows of Kemalism In the aftermath of World War I, the once great Ottoman Empire was left in shambles. After having lost almost all of the empire’s territory to European mandates in 1918, what little they had left became occupied by Allied troops. In order to return the Turkish people to their former glory, the Turkish War for Independence was fought, resulting in the creation of a new government in Ankara. By 1923, this governmentRead MoreAnalysis of Politics in The Republic of Turkey 822 Words   |  3 Pagesof Independence and studies the parliaments of the Republic of Turkey from 1923 to 1946, roughly the time known as the single party period when the political power was monopolized by the Republican People’s Party (CHP – Cumhuriyet Halk FÄ ±rkasÄ ±/Partisi). In his former research Demirel had given a large place to political disputes in the Turkish parliament by highlighting the actions of the fraction opposed to the group under the guidance of Mustafa Kemal (Atatà ¼r k). The scope of his research has changedRead MoreEssay on Turkeys Internal Conflict and the Kurdish Minority995 Words   |  4 Pagesof Turks. This issue has been with Turkey almost since the foundation of the Turkish State in 1923. The Kurds were promised the creation of an independent state as part of the treaty of Sevres in 1920 but this part of the treaty was never ratified and Turkey has refused to recognize the existence of a separate Kurdish ethnic community within its borders. Even so, Half of Turkeys Kurds have moved from the south east to the western cities of Turkey and have increasingly become integratedRead MoreThe Government s Freedom Of Press974 Words   |  4 PagesSince the Turkish state was founded by Mustafa Kemal Atatà ¼rk in 1923, the press in Turkey has never been free. The first government was ruled by the Atatà ¼rk’s party, the Republican People’s Party (CHP), which claimed to be liberal and modernist; however, they made a law which could shut down and /or censor any newspapers which they did not like. (Bulut, 2015). During the CHP era, 130 newspapers and magazines were banned. Although many parties’ names have changed throughout the years, the rulingRead MoreModernization Process in Turkey Afghanistan †¢ Introduction: Modernization theory is a1500 Words   |  6 PagesModernization Process in Turkey Afghanistan †¢ Introduction: Modernization theory is a unilinear process in which stated that every society goes through the same process of modernization (Smelser, 1988, p.2). The idea of modernization came in Turkey while Mustafa Kemal Atatà ¼rk came into power after the world war one by defeating Ottoman Empire through Young Turks. Ottoman Empire was ruling Turkey for more than five decades; at first they were ruling Turkey through absolute monarchy latter theyRead More History of Turkish Occupation of Northern Kurdistan Essay4038 Words   |  17 Pagesthe forefront of the international news scene. That state is the Republic of Turkey and its primary troubles stem from the past seven decades of acrimonious policies directed at the indigenous ethnic Kurds. The main problem, now, is the Kurdish popular insurgency on its hands, in Turkish occupied Northern Kurdistan. The Kurdish question has long been covered up and denied by the state of Turkey, but recent events has forced Turkey to concede that it has a serious Kurdish insurgency on its handsRead MoreDemocracy in Iran and Turkey Essays2319 Words   |  10 Pages Comparison and Contrast between the Evolution of Democracy in Iran and Turkey, from 1900 to the Present. Name: Institution: Date: Please write on top of each of your exams its exact title as its appear below, making sure your answers are itemized (i.e., answer the points ONE BY ONE, and not combine them).  ITEMIZE YOUR ANSWERS   Mid Term Exam Compare and contrast the evolution of democracy in Iran and Turkey, from 1900 to present.  In process of writing your exam, you must provide the following

Audit - Assurance Functions - and Standards of Decision Making

Question: Discuss about the Audit, Assurance Functions, and Standards of Decision Making. Answer: Introduction This report has different audit, assurance functions, and standards of decision making. Financial statements of client are prepared with the help of Auditing and assurance where auditors undergo audit process, give their opinion. Auditors are expected be neutral and express their opinion regarding financial Statements. The report shows the responsibility of auditors to third party. To make clear the liabilities of auditors towards third parties case analysis are done. In Second section, 4 cases with different aspects of auditors roles and responsibility are analyzed and suggestion regarding same is provided. In following situations or miss-conduct by auditors, they can be held liable by business entity who has appointed them or client: Breach of contract while performing audit work or audit procedure can lead towards liability of auditor to business entity or client If auditor has allegation of professional negligence or professional misconduct by the business entity or client. Negligence of Statutory duties (duties which are stated by statue for the auditors to performed while conducting audit of the business entity or client) If the business organization or client suffers losses on relying on the audited financial statements or audit report, then auditors can be held liable by the client only. The auditors is liable to contractually extend to client only and further extended to outsiders or third party (Carey et al., 2014). The auditor can be held liable by the third party for negligence of their duties and professional misconduct. Following are the conditions under which only the auditor could be held liable by third party. If the client access the financial statement prepared by the auditor and put reliance on it. Second condition is, if the third party has the actual knowledge of limited class and use and relies on audited financial statements in decision making process. Last condition is; when auditors actually know that the group of stakeholders or one of them will use such audited financial statements and same has been provided in written form to auditors (Carson et al., 2014). On the basis of above provision of auditing standards followings questions or situations will be answered: Would King and Queen be liable to EFL? From the above provisions or laws related to auditors liability towards client and towards third party. It can be concluded that King and Queen Auditor of Impulse Pty ltd can be liable towards allegation of Impulse Pty ltd only and not towards any third party. As per the standards on auditing, professional negligence can be questioned by client (Impulse Pty ltd) only if they has suffered any loss by putting reliance on audit report or audited financial statements. But any third party putting reliance and taking decisions on the basis of audited financial statements or audit report cannot be sue auditors (Saha and Roy2015). Same standards can be applied in the present case and it can be concluded that Easy Finance Limited cannot take action against King and Queen. If EFL had written to King Queen advising you that they intended to make a loan to Impulse and were relying on the 2012 audited financial report to assist them in making their decision? In this situation, it can be observed that Easy Finance Limited has provided prior written notice to King and Queen that they will be using your audit report in their decision making process regarding lending loan to Impulse Pty Ltd. This situation fulfils the last condition as stated in above provision and on this basis Easy Finance Limited can take legal actions against King and Queen (Funnell et al., 2016). Define actual and perceived independence, and explain the importance of each. Actual Independence- Actual independence can be defined as the independence under which auditor has provided written consent that he / she is free from any biasness or interest in company. Importance of such independence is that; outsiders or third party can rely on audit reports and can take decisions on the basis of audit report (Leung et al., 2015). Perceived Independence- Perceived independence is the independence where auditor is assumed to be independent but in actual sense he / she are not independent. List any professional standards and regulatory requirements breached and discuss possible alternative courses of action In this case, confidentially in terms of use of clients financial information has been attracted as breach of professional standards and regulatory requirement. In this case, Bob has used financial information of client without taking permission of client; therefore this is the case of breach of confidentiality (Wines, 2012). Alternate course of action could be; Bob shall asked to client in writing to use financial information apart from audit work then this would not attract confidentiality breach. In this case, working capacity of auditor has been breached which means auditor has to act in auditors capacity of the business entity and snot in any other capacity. In this case, Wendy has acted in dual capacity i.e. auditor and as company secretaries also. In this case, independence of auditor also breached as Wendy is also involved in internal matters as company secretaries of company (Tepalagul and Lin, 2015). Alternate course of action could be; if Wendy can resign from the post of auditor then she can be company secretaries or vice-versa. In this case, audit work of testing internal control system in term of cash payment system has been handed to Leo who is son of foremen, employed by client. Therefore independence of auditor will be hampered. Alternate course of action could be; not to give testing of cash payment system work to Leo but some other work which does not involve cash or other importance assets of the business organisation. This is the case where auditor of company will become shareholder in exchange of their audit fees. In this case, since auditor (Chan Associates) becomes shareholders of $ 1000 then interest of auditor will be sin business organisation. Therefore in this case, independence of auditor will be getting hampered and auditor will not able act as auditor from then (Hohenfels, 2016). Alternate course of action can be; not to accept shares in the clients company. Conclusion To conclude, auditor should be free from biasness, integration shall be followed. Auditors should be independent to express their opinion on the financial statements of the client. Auditors liabilities are not limited, in fact, fulfilling certain conditions they can be held liable for negligence of their duties. Only if there is a written contract between the two auditors can be held liable for misstatement and negligence. Prime necessity of conducting audit is Auditors independence which should be maintained. Clients information should be kept confidential and not misused by auditor. References Carey, P. J., Monroe, G. S., Shailer, G. (2014). Review of Post?CLERP 9 australian auditor independence research.Australian Accounting Review,24(4), 370-380. doi:10.1111/auar.12047 Carson, E., Redmayne, N. B., Liao, L. (2014). Audit market structure and competition in australia.Australian Accounting Review,24(4), 298-312. doi:10.1111/auar.12041 Funnell, W., Wade, M., Jupe, R. (2016). Stakeholder perceptions of performance audit credibility.Accounting and Business Research,46(6), 601-619. doi:10.1080/00014788.2016.1157680 Hohenfels, D. (2016). Auditor tenure and perceived earnings quality.International Journal of Auditing,20(3), 224-238. doi:10.1111/ijau.12069 Leung, P., Coram, P., Cooper, B. J., Richardson, P. (2015).Modern auditing assurance services(6th ed.). Milton, Qld: John Wiley and Sons Australia. Saha, S. S., Roy, M. N. (2015). Statutory auditors' independence in the backdrop of corporate corruption: Select case studies.Indian Journal of Corporate Governance,8(1), 84-102. doi:10.1177/0974686215574433 Tepalagul, N., Lin, L. (2015). Auditor independence and audit quality: A literature review.Journal of Accounting, Auditing Finance,30(1), 101-121. doi:10.1177/0148558X14544505 Wines, G. (2012). Auditor independence.Managerial Auditing Journal,27(1), 5-40. doi:10.1108/02686901211186081

Standards Essay Example

Standards Essay The no child left Behind Act was established to ensure that the schools of the United States of America were able to meet the standard required to compete with countries such as China and India (http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/viewArticle.asp?article ID=26115).   It is also aimed at helping students with various disabilities including physical, economic and learning.   It will also benefit the student of African American origin. It has looked into school standards and ensured that no one will be disadvantaged because of their race or disability.   The schools are to be propely equipped to ensure the standards in all schools are raised so as to produce competent adults who after schooling will be able to compete in the twenty-first century.   It requires yearly progress reports and also quality teachers who qualify for the displine they are to teach. The standards are grouped according to the people being targeted.   There are teacher standards, student achievement standards, state laws among others.   In the documents below all the standards are explained and expounded. Evers, W.M.(2001) Standards and Accountability Stanford CA.: Hoover Institution Press We will write a custom essay sample on Standards specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Standards specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Standards specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Hirsch, E. D. Jr 2001) Curriculum and Competence. Moe,T.M.(Ed) (2000) A Primer on America’s Schools Stanford, C.A. Hoover institution Press New Jersey Core. Curriculum Content Standards http://www.nj.gov/education/cccs/cccs.pdf. State of New Jersey Department of Education http://www.state.nj.us/education/cccs/s1-upa.htm. The state of New Jersey has had a keen interest in eduction since as far back as 1917 where efforts were to improve school heath, safety and physical education.   From the first to the twelveth grade two and a half hours were to be used each week for instruction in health, physical and safety education.(http://www.nj.gov/education/cccs/ccs.pdf).   In 1996 the New Jersey core curriculum content standards for comprehensive health and physical eeducation was adopted to replace it.   The No Child Left behind Act was put in place in 2001. There are teacher competency standards put in place by the state laws.   A teacher has to be highly qualified and possess the ability to understand the central concepts, how the discipline is structured, the tools required for inquiring and also be able to make the subject matter appealing to the students and also understandable.   This is under the subject matter standard.   There is also the human growth and development standard which demands that the teacher has to have an understanding or the growth of children and adolescents.   They have to be diverse learners who practice teaching that is responsive to the culture.   They should also have long and short term plans for the way they will conduct their instructions. Teachers must also be able to introduce and implememnt assessment strategies that gauge how well the students have benefited from instructions.   The learning environment should be made conducive while looking into the needs of those children with special needs.   The teacher must be able to communicate the information they have to the students eloquently and clearly.   Collaboration and partnership with the wider community is also essential in development of children aand this includes partnering with parents and the community.   The teacher has to be able to inspire professional development in themselves and also in the students. Ther are also standards put in place to guide school leaders on how to ensure the success of students.   To begin with they have to first understand then respond and finally influence the political, economic, cultural, social and legal affairs that concern the school.   They must also be able to collaborate with the students’ families and the community to encourage success of students from their significant others.   They should be able to facilitate development, stewardship, articulaton and implementation of school policies while exercising fairness, ethical standards and integrity.   This is also important in the management of the organization, resources and the operations taking place in the school.   They should also be able to introduce a school culture that they can nurture and in the long-run sustain to improve school standards. (http://www.state.nj.us/education/profdev/profstand/standards.pdf). The students’ standards include maintaining a good grade for aid to continue being approved.   A slip in the standard gotten may lead to stopping of educational financial aid.   There are also laws put in place against bullying.   This was done so as to ensure a condusive learning environment. The state laws demand that all curricula should be in line with the standards put in place.   The teachers are also supposed to deliver instructions according to the standards and ensure that they conduct assessment of the students along the course.   There is also the accountability system put in place for schools and districts which also includes the requirements of high school graduation.   Some subjects like reading and maths are to be assessed in each grade from first grade to eighth grade and again in the eleventh grade.   Science is to be graded in fourth, eighth and eleventh grade.   The teacher must also be highly qualified in the research based methodologies that are to be used in class (education.state.us/cccs/?-intro-19k-). At the national scale the New Jersey Department of Agriculture is more concerned with the healthy eating of students to promote their motivation in class to learn.   This they do by providing nutritious food, nutritional education and encouraging physical activity to reduce the number of obese children and adolescents that are in school.   There is also prohibition of certain foods in the vicinity of schools whether selling, promoting or serving them to students. The state of New Jersey has many documents as seen in the previously part of this paper.   The standards that they speak of are also seen as the objectives since they lead to the goals that are to be achieved.   They are divided according to the grade whereby each grade has specific standards that apply to it although some standards are general.   The statements are clearly explained and thus are understable.   Though it may require a lot of time to get the information needed it is available in the website but one has to try many others before getting what they need. The documents contain various glaring similarities although there are some differences.   The teacher standards and the school leaders’ standards are all aimed at improving the school standards.   They both require the teachers and leaders to establish a partnership and collaboration with parents so that they can be aable to help the students even from the home setting.   They also involve the community because it is a key component in the success of the school. Together with the state, they enforce the law against bullying.   This is to ensure that the school has a condusive learning environment for each student.   The students are then able to get quality education regardless of their status in life. The teachers and the state combined in ensuring the student grades remain impressive.   The teachers conduct assessments that rank the students.   The state provides econonic aid to students which can be denied if the student starts getting poor grades.   The state is also in charge of ensuring qualified teachers are sent to the public schools.   They are supposed to be highly qualified and meet the standards. The national department of Agriculture has teamed up with the school to ensure the provision of a healthy diet.   This is done by providing education to the students on nutritional facts.   The school reinforces this gesture by ensuring harmful foods are not served or sold in the school compound and also include pysical activity in the curriculum. All the documents however, differ from each other in what they do to achieve the overall goal of improving education in New Jersey.   They differ in the approach used to reach the end-goal.   There is emphasis on diet, teaching skills, learning environment, financial aid among others that are identified by different documents as being the major components of improvement of education.   They also differ on who is seen as being the one responsible for the improvement to occur. A teacher would be better off reading the standards put in place and striving to implement them in teaching.   This would aid in abiding by the guidelines while at the same time impacting     the children positively.   By adapting to the prominent culture they would be able to understand the childrens attitudes and behaviours and thus know how best to approach the issue of education with each child

Critical analysis of a PR campaign The WritePass Journal

Critical analysis of a PR campaign Abstract Critical analysis of a PR campaign ). Social media made this form of contest possible, with the dreamers fuelling the desire to see it happen if not to them then to someone they could relate to. Once again, the campaign appealed to the target market in a manner that they could relate to with a message that they could understand. This has served to provide Queensland with a sustained and widely popular brand that is associated with innovation and trying new concepts (Australia, 2014). 2.3 Effectiveness The Queensland PR campaign has been deemed successful and innovative by a wide variety of professionals and advertisers around the world (Pomering, 2013). The simple style, coupled with the psychological incentives combined to surpass company expectations. The implementation of low cost solution to high cost problems propelled this campaign forward. As evidence of their overall success, the Queensland Company claims the campaign has changed the face of global advertising in a positive manner (Australia, 2014). This point has a clear impact on the manner in which other modern operations are conducted. With numbers that are hard to dispute, the amount of interest generated by free media coverage alone provides a compelling appeal to the approach. 3 Conclusion This essay examined the Tourism Queensland promotion of the Great Barrier Reef in 2009 in an effort to develop a deeper appreciation of the benefits and detriments of the approach. The research illustrated that it was the simple, direct, novel and innovative approach the Queensland PR campaign that utilized the exotic locale and attractiveness of rare employment, alongside the simple principles of timing and effective communication to sustain the interest of entire global population. There was a direct a lasting outreach to a targeted market of adventurers using social media that resulted in a growing wave of interest that created media attention and further exposure. Building on this reaction was the contest application method that publicized the lucky winner, and continued to follow the person after the job. As a result of this strategy the company experienced free media coverage, a wide base for extended communication and an overall improvement of their brand image. Further, this able utilization of assets on hand was accomplished at a minimal cost with maximum effect. In the end the Queensland PR campaign of 2009 showcased what can happen when a company can tap into the dreams of a population, as well as the pocket book. References Australia, T. 2014.  About the campaign Best Jobs in the world Campaigns Tourism Australia. [Online] Available at: tourism.australia.com/campaigns/Global-Youth-about-the-campaign.aspx [Accessed: 7 Feb 2014]. Biocca, F. 2013.  Television and Political Advertising. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Culbertson, H. M. and ChÊ »en, N. 1996.  International public relations. Mahwah, N.J.: Erlbaum. Cutlip, S. M. 2013.  Public relations history. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum. Goeldner, C. R. and Ritchie, J. R. B. 2010.  Tourism. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Grunig, J. E., Grunig, L. A. and Toth, E. L. 2013.  The future of excellence in public relations and communication management. Mahwah, N.J.: Erlbaum. Macnamara, J. 2010. Public relations and the social: How practitioners are using, or abusing, social media.  Asia Pacific Public Relations Journal, 11 (1), pp. 2139. Pomering, A. 2013. Indigenous Identity in the Nation Brand: Tension and Inconsistency in a Nations Tourism Advertising Campaigns.  Corporate Reputation Review, 16 (1), pp. 6679. Ryan, D. and Jones, C. 2011.  The best digital marketing campaigns in the world. London: Kogan Page. Smith, R. D. 2002.  Strategic planning for public relations. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Sweeney, M. 2009.  Best job in the world campaign storms Cannes Lions advertising awards. [online] Available at: theguardian.com/media/2009/jun/23/best-job-advertising-awards [Accessed: 7 Feb 2014]. Simon, R. 2014.  Tourism Queensland ‘Best Job In The World’ Social Media campaign Marketing Case Studies | UTalkMarketing. [online] Available at: utalkmarketing.com/Pages/Article.aspx?ArticleID=17349 [Accessed: 7 Feb 2014].

Personal Statement for Baccalaureate Child Welfare Education Program Essay

Personal Statement for Baccalaureate Child Welfare Education Program - Essay Example With more tasks and responsibilities relegated to parents, their role as the sole source of support had been scrutinized and evaluated to determine the effects on children’s welfare. The emergence of social worker’s critical roles in augmenting parental support continues to influence the design and delivery of services catered to children’s needs. I have been genuinely interested in working with children, specifically those with developmental and behavioral disabilities identified to be at risk. At Lakeside School, I was given the opportunity to work closely with special children and have encountered diverse factors that affect risk management. I became aware that parents, carers and social work practitioners are presented with the dilemma of either protecting children fully from risks by not exposing them at all or encourage them to develop appropriate skills in managing risks to some extent and enable them to develop effective skills to manage it for future use. This is just one of the challenging scenarios which enhanced my interest in child welfare. I recognized that inasmuch as parents, carers and social work practitioners all have one objective in common, that is, to ensure the safety and the normal development of children by protecting them from risks, it is evident that encouraging children to manage risks would be the most beneficial method for their holistic well-being. I want to be instrumental in the development of every special child’s welfare. As an effective social worker in child welfare, I possess the necessary knowledge and skills in assessment, active engagement, intervention, the use of authority, and an expert ability to negotiate and manage appropriate community resources. I am innately fond of children – ensuring that they are accorded the appropriate care using the most effective teaching methodologies that cater of each child’s individual needs. I am very patient, understanding but

A response to Generation Like Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A response to Generation Like - Essay Example They could require brands to pay them for promotion, but they agree to work in exchange of goods and services. It turns out that teenagers underestimate their role in commercial culture today. Most of them tend to watch TV less and spend more and more time online using social media as a tool to express their identity. Brands cannot use conventional channels to reach and retain new audiences any more. They address Youtubers, fans, Twitter or Instagram celebrities to promote their products and they agree to do this for free. SMM advertising is very valuable because it is natural and it addresses loyal audience of viewers who identify with products liked by people they adore or follow. At the same time, kids learn fast and apply marketing strategies in their smaller channels in order to engage their fans and interact with them effectively. Overall, this documentary proves that social media marketing is not a game anymore and people engaged in it need to understand their value in

American Dream by James Truslow Essay Example for Free

American Dream by James Truslow Essay The ‘American dream’ is a term coined by James Truslow in his 1932 book Epic of America, but it is a concept as old as America itself: anything is possible if only the individual is willing to work hard. The dream draws immigrants to our shores and borders every year and keeps millions of Americans content in the idea that their toiling will pave the way to success for them and for their children. However, for every rags-to-riches story, there are thousands of other hard-working people who cannot get by, who do not have enough to eat, transportation, safe housing, or warm clothes in winter. There is much evidence that the American dream is little more than a myth, a false promise that keeps millions of people working themselves weary for a better tomorrow that will never come. The American dream is the promise of the Declaration of Independence, which indicates that our â€Å"inalienable rights† are â€Å"life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.† There is no single American dream, but Adams defines the concept in its most dignified sense: [It is the] dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement†¦a dream of a social order in which each man and each woman shall be able to attain to the fullest stature of which that are innately capable, and be recognized by others for what they are, regardless of the fortuitous circumstances of birth or position. (qtd. In Ferenz) The lure of America for immigrants and the promise to its citizens is that, as Adams indicates, the individual is not held back by circumstances, but through individual efforts can pursue and attain whatever personal brand of happiness he or she desires. In the midst of the Great Depression, Franklin Roosevelt recognized the part the federal government needed to play in keeping the American dream alive-no longer was hard work the only factor involved in ensuring an acceptable standard of living. Under his administration, a number of social programs were put into place to help Americans achieve the dream, which Roosevelt described as â€Å"sufficiency of life, rather than†¦a plethora of riches [and] good health, good food, good education, good working conditions† (qtd. In Muir). Owing to these principles, Roosevelt’s New Deal included the Social Security Act, Fair Labor Standards Act that banned child labor and established a minimum wage, and a variety of programs that put Americans to work in civil service (Successes 4-6). Roosevelt’s programs and World War II helped drag the nation out of the Great Depression, but were not permanent solutions in making the American dream possible for all Americans. By the 1960’s, one in five Americans were living in poverty, and in his first State of the Union address in 1964, Lyndon Johnson declared, â€Å"an unconditional war on poverty in America.† (qtd. In Quindlen 1) Johnson, too, understood that the American dream was one not attainable through hard work alone. As Anna Quindlen, Pulitzer-prize winning journalist, notes in her 2004 editorial, â€Å"from [Johnson’s] declaration a host of government initiatives sprang, including Head Start, an expended food-stamp program, and sweeping reforms in health care for the needy† (Quindlen 2). Unfortunately, in spite of the attempts of Roosevelt, Johnson, and others to lend a hand to those Americans who need it most, the feeling that the poor are responsible for their own troubles always seems to creep its way back into the American mind. We’ve all heard the rumors that the poor are lazy, that welfare is just n excuse not to get a job. Quindlen comments that â€Å"part of the problem with a war on poverty today is that many Americans have decided that being poor is a character defect, not an economic condition† (Quindlen 2). Public policy of the last few decades seems to follow this line of thinking: the Federal minimum wage has not risen since 1997 even as welfare reform movements have forced millions of people, many single parents, off public assistance and into minimum wage jobs. Quindlen argues that â€Å"forty years after Johnson led the charge, the battle against poverty still rages. The biggest differences today if that there is no call to arms by those in power† (Quindlen 1). How does this shift in American policy affect the status of the American dream? Can we still call ourselves the land of opportunity when the American dream eludes so many of our citizens? Should the American dream exist and is it really worth it to try and live by the dream? In July 2000, Mortimer Zuckerman, editor-in-chief of U.S. News and World Report, wrote an essay about the success of the American dream. Zuckerman claims that â€Å"it is a dream on individual effort-talent, ambition, risk-taking, readiness to change, and just plain hard work-qualities that count more in America than social background of luck† (Zuckerman 120). That is a perspective that Zuckerman, a billionaire whose biography on the U.S. News and World Report website boasts he has substantial real-estate holdings, including properties in Boston, New York, Washington, and San Francisco can afford to have. The reality for most Americans, however, is not nearly so great. It is a reality where social background and luck play far too large a part in achieving the American dream. Two articles written a decade apart demonstrate that bitter reality. In USA Today in 1996, Charles Whalen writes that â€Å"beneath the misleading surface prosperity [of the 1990s] are numerous alarming trends,† among them â€Å"relentless downsizing, longer job searches and sluggish job creation, explosive growth in contingent work (part-time and temporary employment), and wage stagnation† (Whalen 2-3). One would be hard=pressed to find a list that better demonstrates the part luck plays in securing steady employment. Whalen also cites a survey, ironically conducted for U.S. News and World Report, that indicates â€Å"57% of those asked said that the American dream is out of reach for most families† (qtd. in Whalen 2). In 2006 in the Chicago Sun-Times, Clyde Murphy cites a â€Å"new report released by the Opportunity Agenda [that] measures the nation’s progress in living up to the American dream.† The findings? â€Å"That millions of Americans do not have a fair chance to achieve their full potential, despite their best efforts† (Murphy 33). Two of the reasons cited by the study are housing discrimination against blacks, Hispanics, and Asians are employment discrimination against women and minorities, which included favoring job candidates with â€Å"white-sounding† names. These findings clearly refute Zuckerman’s claim, demonstrating that background does in fact count more in America than individual effort when it comes to achieving certain aspects of the American dream. Another dubious claim in Zuckerman’s essay is that â€Å"anybody who wishes to work has the opportunity to move from the bottom of the ladder to a middle-class standard of life, or higher† (Zuckerman 120). As award-winning journalist Barbara Ehrenreich notes in her book Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America, the rhetoric surrounding welfare reform â€Å"assumed that a job was the ticket out of poverty and that the only thing holding back welfare recipients was their reluctance to get out and get one† (Ehrenreich 196). As a wealth of evidence suggests, this is the fundamental misperception surrounding the American dream. In her 2003 editorial A New Kind of Poverty, Anna Quindlen argues â€Å"America is a country that now sits atop a precarious latticework of myth. It is the myth that working people can support their families† (Quindlen 2). Quindlen interviews two women who run services for the homeless and impoverished in New York City, ant they note that more often they are seeing working families in dire need of their help. Indeed, according to the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2005 report on poverty, America’s poverty rate has been climbing, from 11.3 percent in 2000 to 12.7 percent in 2004, the latest for which data is available. This translates into 37 million people who live below the poverty line. This is further complicated, however, by the way that the Census Bureau calculates the poverty level. Barbara Ehrenreich explains that â€Å"[it] is still calculated by the archaic method of taking the bare-bones cost of food for a family of a given size and multiplying that number by th ree. Yet food is relatively inflation-proof† (Ehrenreich 200). This method results in a base calculation of $9,310 for one person, with $3,180 added for each additional person in the household. As anyone who has ever lived on his or her own understands, those poverty calculations are very low. Ehrenreich points out that â€Å"the Economic Policy Institute recently reviewed dozens of studies of what constitutes a ‘living wage’ and came up with an average figure of $30,000 for a family of one adult and two children† (Ehrenreich 213). When compared to the federal poverty calculation of $15,670, the gap becomes glaringly apparent. Anna Quindlen explains â€Å"when you adjust the level to reflect reality, you come closer to 35 percent of all Americans who are having a hard time providing the basics for their families† (Quindlen 2). As pioneering psychologist Abraham Maslow’s research reveals, psychological and safety needs-the â€Å"basics† referred to by Quindlen, such as food and housing-must be fulfilled before other needs, core components of the American dream such as belongingness and self-esteem, can be met (Abraham 2). This creates a basic gap between those who can reach for the American dream and those who cannot; if all someone’s energy is focused on providing food and shelter, there is nothing left to reach for higher goals. In a 2002 essay What’s So Great About America? Dinesh D’Souza, an Indian immigrant, makes assertions that demonstrate some common misconceptions about Americans meeting our basic needs. â€Å"The United States is a country where the ordinary guy has a good life,† (D’Souza 23). He even goes so far to say that â€Å"very few people in America have to wonder where their next meal is coming from† (D’Souza 23). Sadly, this is not true. Quindlen indicates â€Å"the U.S. Department of Agriculture notes that 1.6 million New Yorkers†¦suffer from ‘food insecurity,’ which is just a fancy way of saying they do not have to enough to eat† (Quindlen 1). Ehrenreich reports that â€Å"according to a survey conducted by the U.S. Conference of Mayors, 67 percent of the adults requesting emergency food aid are people with jobs† (Ehrenreich 219). Two other basic needs, safe housing and health care, are also beyond the reach of many Americans. â€Å"When the rich and the poor compete for housing on the open market,† writes Ehrenreich, â€Å"the poor don’t stand a chance. The rich can always outbid them, buy up their tenements and trailer parks, and replace them with†¦whatever they like† (Ehrenreich 199). This is exaggerated by the fact that â€Å"expenditures on public housing have fallen since the 1980s, and the expansion of public rental subsidies came to a halt in the 1990s† (Ehrenreich 201). Health care is another sad story. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the number of Americans with no health insurance has been slowly rising, arriving at 15.7 percent in 2004, and as Quindlen observes, â€Å"poor kids are much more likely to become sick than their counterparts, but much less likely to have health insurance. Talk about a double whammy† (Quindlen 1). How can families dream big an d plan for the future as they worry about whether the next month will bring eviction or illness? Two people in particular have put a human face on the statistical evidence that the American dream remains out of reach for millions of hard-working Americans. At the urging of her editor at Harper’s magazine, Barbara Ehrenreich undertook a yearlong undercover investigation of living on low-wage jobs in Florida, Maine, and Minnesota. She waited tables, worked as a maid, and worked at Wal-Mart, never revealing her statue as a reported, but keeping careful private diaries documenting the details of her experience. In spite of working at least full-time, usually more, she was unable to get by. The most heartbreaking part of her journey, however, was the people she met, women who were not just experimenting with the low-wage life, but who were trapped by it. They were women who were victims of the affordable housing shortage, who lived in cars, or if they were lucky, weekly rental motel rooms. They walked, rode bikes, or bummed rides to work. Certainly among those who experience food insecurity, they skipped meals or ate nutritionally void foods like hot dog buns because they couldn’t afford to eat. They were women with raw hands and sore backs, balancing two or more jobs who would never, in spite of their work ethic, move off that bottom rung of the social ladder. In a similar experiment, Morgan Spurlock (of Super Size Me fame) and his fiancà ©e lived on minimum wage for thirty days in Columbus, Ohio and recorded the results for the premiere episode of his television series 30 Days. As Spurlock works eighteen-hour days making at least $7.50 per hour and Alex works for minimum wage at a coffee house, the pair is faced with a host of challenges that mirror the everyday trials of the working poor. Emergency room visits for a urinary tract infection and a sprained wrist cost them $1,217. D’Souza correctly comments that in America, â€Å"even sick people who don’t have money or insurance will receive medical care at hospital emergency rooms† (D’Souza 23), but he fails to take into account that suck care generates bills are equivalent to six weeks’ of full time minimum wage work. The most affordable housing they could find, a steal at $325 per month, has ant infestations, malfunctioning heat, and is upstairs from an apartment that was a crack house just the week before. Furthermore, their relationship is strained by the stress that results from the constant worrying about money. At the end of the month they find themselves hundreds of dollars in the hole, by permanently changed by their experience. When taken together, the accounts of Ehrenreich and Spurlock offer powerful insight into the everyday struggles of the working poor, those who are anything but lazy but still find themselves drowning financially, the American dream slipping further away all the time. Dinesh D’Souza claims that â€Å"in America your destiny is not prescribed. Your life is like a blank sheet of paper and you are the artist† (D’Souza 24). It is difficult to believe, however, that the millions of working poor are not trying to create a better destiny for themselves, only to find their dreams let down by the harsh realities of daily life. So why is the American dream still suck a pervasive part of our consciousness, even in the face of overwhelming evidence that hard work is not the ticket to prosperity, or even necessarily to a comfortable standard of living? In his â€Å"Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of the Right,† Karl Marx wrote that â€Å"religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of the heartless world, just as it is the spirit of a spiritless situation. It is the opium of the people. The abolition of religion as the illusory happiness of the people is required for the real happiness† (qtd in Cline). Marx’s clever observation is that religion, in keeping the focus on the afterlife, keeps people from demanding fair treatment in this world. D’Souza suggests, however, that â€Å"capitalism gives America a this-worldly focus that allows death and the afterlife to recede from everyday view†¦the gaze of the people is shifted to earthly progress† (D’Souza 25). If this the case, why is it that we are not more aware of (and enraged about!) the decided lack of â€Å"earthly progress† of so many of our friends and neighbors? Some believe that it is because the American dream has taken the place of religion as today’s â€Å"opiate of the masses.† So long as we all believe that there is a better life ahead, that is we only work harder, our dreams are within reach, it is easy to be lulled into satisfaction about the inequality that is so common in America today. Barbara Ehrenreich predicts that someday the working poor â€Å"are bound to tire of getting so little in return [for their labor] and to demand to be paid what they’re worth† (Ehrenreich 221). Some challenge, echoing Marx, that Ehrenreich’s predication will not come true until the American dream, â€Å"the illusory happiness of the people,† is abolished in favor of a more realistic world view that recognizes that more than hard work, a hel ping hand is needed to make America truly the land of opportunity. From the survey that I took in class, 14 out of 20 people were surveyed and said that they to, disagree that the American dream should exist. They believe as well that there should be a more realistic view in society that allows you to get what you work for. Of the people that did agree, most were people between the ages of 18 and 21, people who have not yet, most likely gotten out into the real world to experience what type of life they can actually work for. If you too, disagree with the American dream, I ask you to go to this website: http://www.thepetitionsite.com/3/the-american-dream-is-not-for-rent , sign the petition, and keep working hard at what you do! Work Cited â€Å"Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.† Shippensberg University Website. Sept. 2005: 2-3. Web. 16 June 2009. Cline, Austin. â€Å"Karl Marx on Religion.† About.com. 5 Apr. 2006: n.pag. Web. 16 June 2009. D’Souza, Dinesh. â€Å"What’s So Great About America?† The American Enterprise. May 2002: 22-25. Print. Ehrenreich, Barbara. â€Å"Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America.† New York: Owl Books. 2002: 20-38. Print. Ferenz, Kathleen. â€Å"What is the American Dream?† San Francisco State University Online Web Site. 31 Mar. 2005: n.pag. Web. 16 June 2009. Muir, Ed. â€Å"Narrowing the Highway to the American Dream.† American Teacher. Oct. 2004: 25. Print. Murphy, Clyde. â€Å"When Opportunity Knocks, It Skips Over Some Adresses.† Chicago Sun-Times. 14 Feb. 2006: 33. Web. 16 June 2009. Quindlen, Anna. â€Å"A New Kind of Poverty.† Newsweek. 1 Dec. 2003: 1-2. Web. 16 June 2009. Quindlen, Anna. â€Å"The War We Haven’t Won.† Newsweek. 20 Sep. 2004: 1-2. Web. 16 June 2009. â€Å"Successes and Failures of Roosevelt’s ‘New Deal’ Programs.† Bergen County Technical Schools and Special Services Web Site. 10 Mar. 2006: 4-6. 16 June 2009. U.S Census Bureau. 2005 Poverty Press Release. 30 Aug. 2005: n.pag. 16 June 2009. Whalen, Charles J. â€Å"The Age of Anxiety: Erosion of the American Dream.† USA Today. Sep. 1996: 1-3. Web. 16 June 2009. Zuckerman, Mortimer. â€Å"A Time to Celebrate.† U.S. News and World Report. 17 Jul. 2000: 120. Print.

Separate Peace Essay: Analysis of Marxism -- free essay writer

A Separate Peace:   Analysis of Marxism  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A Separate Peace is an impeccable paradigm of critical mythology interpreted by philosophers such as Marx, Engels and Hegel.   The philosophy of Marxism serves as a basis for socialism and communism and is explicitly demonstrated by means of power, the understanding of human nature, and alienation.   Finny demonstrates authority and control over a lonely, alienated friend Gene, however, unitedly they discover friendship through the individuality possessed by one another.   Finny and Gene agonize with these eminent responsibilities and endeavor to uncover an inner peace within themselves as they evolve into young adults waking to the realities of life.   Their entity follows the social formation of their lives,   â€Å"men enter into definite relations that are indispensable and dependant of their will, relations of production ...development of their material productive forces.† (Tucker, 1978, pg.4) Therefore, by means of growth to maturity the two young men exemplify the challenges of manhood.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Power is an extremely dominant element that illustrates authority and control between the two young men Finny and Gene.   Throughout society, â€Å"the social power, i.e., the multiplied productive force, which arises through the co-operation of different individuals, since their co-operation is not voluntary but has come about naturally, not as their own united power.†(Tucker,   pg.161) Finny conducts himself as an authority figure, and an individualist with distinct and domineering characteristics.   He emphasizes his power as a perfect individual that is not concerned what other people conceive of ... ...monstrates his advantage to take control over every individual without any sincere emotions of any kind.   However, the companionship developed through the nature of man, although agonizing, has formed a special bond between the two boys.   Gene, nonetheless contends with feelings of alienation and self-estrangement indirectly generated by Finny.  Ã‚   The two young men persevere these responsibilities to initiate a sense of inner peace that transpires from adolescence to adulthood.   Their experience’s prove to be a symmetric accomplishment of manhood.      Works Cited Knowles, John. (1959) A Separate Peace London: Secker & Warburg Limited    Tucker, Robert. (1978) The Marx-Engles Reader (2nd ed.) New York: W.W. Norton & Company    Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 99. 1998 Microsoft Corporation      

Okonkwo Character Analysis

To help you, my dear clan, learn the importance of not letting your personal flaws be the reason for your downfall, I must tell you about our former clansman, Okonkwo. I watched as his weaknesses and pride brought him down to the point of suicide, which is the escape of cowards. He killed himself because he felt like he had nothing left to live for. Instead of facing a new, changed life in Umuofia, he escaped by taking his own. Before his downward spiral, Okonkwo was known as a self-determined and hard-working man who worked hard to earn many titles amongst our clan.Listen as I explain Okonkwo’s character. Okonkwo’s father was Unoka, who was loved by all amongst the clan. â€Å"He was tall but very thin and had a slight stoop. He wore a haggard and mournful look except when he was drinking or playing on his flute† (4). Unoka was lazy and had many debts that he didn’t pay off yet he was loved. Okonkwo grew up observing his dad mettle through life by living off others. â€Å"But Unoka was such a man that he always succeeded in borrowing more, and piling up debts† (5).Okonkwo watched his father be pitied because he couldn’t feed his wives or children. At his death, Unoka had no titles and he was still greatly in debt. â€Å"Any wonder then that his son Okonkwo was ashamed of him? † (7) Due to his father’s example, Okonkwo knew he wanted to achieve great things and he was determined he would become the opposite of his father. This aspect of Okonkwo’s character leads him to success. Okonkwo succeeded materially in our clan. One particular point of recognition happened when he fought Amanlize the Cat.Amanlize the Cat had not been defeated in seven years, and so when Okonkwo defeated him at the young age of eighteen he became well known throughout our nine villages. Okonkwo continued to grow into a great man. â€Å"He was tall and huge, and his bushy eyebrows and wide nose gave him a very severe look†¦. When he walked his heels hardly touched the ground and he seemed to walk on springs† (3). With his hard work he earned three wives, found financial security, ran a successful yam farm, produced multiple children, built several huts, and received many titles.Unfortunately, as sometimes happens with great men, Okonkwo had flaws. He had a temper, no self-control, he was over confidant, and he beat his poor wives. His most serious flaw was his pride. Just as he’d hoped, Okonkwo became the total opposite of his dad who had been a lazy debtor. His dad had also been a peace loving and kind man who was loved by all in our villages and Okonkwo could not say the same. An instance where Okonkwo let his pride cloud his judgment is when he participated in the killing of Ikemefuna, a boy he was raising as his own son. Okonkwo thought of Ikemefuna as the perfect son.Okonkwo liked that his biological son Nwoye and Ikemefuna were getting along because he was afraid of Nwoye’s lack of manliness. Okonkwo felt that Nwoye hanging around Ikemefuna would make him more of a man. Trouble arose when the Oracle in his village decided that Ikemefuna had to die because he was interfering with Okonkwo and his oldest son, Nwoye’s, relationship. Okonkwo was warned in advanced not to participate in the killing of Ikemefuna, but he did anyway because he was afraid of what the other men in the tribe would think of him if he didn’t participate.Okonkwo was too worried that he would be viewed as weak. His pride drove him to help kill a boy he loved as a son and this greatly harmed his relationship with Nwoye. Okonkwo was also too worried about Nwoye becoming â€Å"womanly† like his father, Unoka, and he didn’t realize how he was hurting his family with his violent and stubborn nature. Later on there was an instance when Okonkwo’s carelessness leads him to accidently kill a woman from our village.The custom in our village is to exile a man for seven years for such a crime and therefore Okonkwo went to his mother’s village, Mbanta. As the elders said, if one finger brought oil it soiled the others† (106). After seven long years of exile in his mother’s village, Okonkwo returned to his village eager to start his life by building more huts and showing his wealth. When Okonkwo came back to Umuofia he expected his wealth to place him in the same circumstances as before his exile. â€Å"The clan had undergone such profound change during his exile that it was barley recognizable† (150). You see, the missionaries had come into the church and attracted many of our people to it.This changed our clan remarkable with all the new people. â€Å"He knew that he had lost his place among the nine masked spirits who administered justice in the clan† (140). In addition to the new religion that is to this day so different and odd to us, they built a government. In his pride, Okonkwo figured that he could go to war with the new white people, but this turned out to be harder than he expected. Once he went to war he kept being defeated and eventually Okonkwo’s anger got the best of him and he actually killed another man. It was useless.Okonkwo’s machete descended twice and the man’s head lay beside his uniformed body† (168). Okonkwo felt worthless, like his life meant nothing any more. Instead of facing the new changes in his clan, he went the cowardly way out through suicide. This man of our clan who had worked hard to become great in order to overcome the shame from his childhood and who had built wealth in our village allowed his pride to be his ruin. What Okonkwo did to end his own life was incredibly selfish and he took the coward’s way out.He killed others in his violent temper, he killed a boy who was like a son to him, and in the end, he killed himself. The only last noble thing Okonkwo did was try and stand up to fight and save our clan from being taken over by the white people. Okonkwo was a fighter and a warrior, but in the end everything he worked for was meaningless. Heed my warnings. Learn from your past to improve your future, but don’t allow your past to cloud your judgment and make you too prideful about your own negative qualities.

Cloning Genetics and Society - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 718 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Science Essay Level High school Tags: Cloning Essay Did you like this example? Cloning is a very controversial topic, when Dolly the sheep was introduced people were amazed amazing, but the discussion on whether people should be able to be cloned is still at large. I say that plants and animals is safe enough but, people should not be cloned. The pros of cloning animals and plants is that they arent hurting anyone, cloning can bring back dying species and repopulate species with downing numbers, and it can be used with animals to create a better version of that species. Creating new plants and animals wont hurt anyone because it is different for the over population for animals and plants. For those, you could easily fix it with hunting or trimming. Cloning animals that are going extinct is helpful because they are dying it would be good to save the animals if anything its just balancing the scale of things. The last pro for animal cloning is that it can be used to make a better version of the animal. Say a bull has a specific gene or something that can help cure cancer, you would want to get more of it without losing the bull. Cloning would do that by creating multiple of the bull so you can get more.(Advantages and Disadvantages)(MacDonald)(Center for Genetics and Society) Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Cloning: Genetics and Society" essay for you Create order The cons of animal cloning is that it is usually unsuccessful, it is very expensive, and its very unreliable in the form of reproduction. It is very unsuccessful as 95% of attempts usually end in failure. Cloning animals also has a high risk of birth defects or getting illnesses easier. Some animals who were cloned that seemed to have been healthy have required health complications. Viagen Pets has said that the cost to make a twin of a cat costs about 25,000 dollars, the clone a dog is around 50,000 dollars, and it is has been said that the cost of Dolly the Sheep was around 1 million dollars. If that is the cost to get something cloned, imagine the cost of the equipment and the time and the effort to create it. The reason it is an unreliable form of reproduction is because it can cause Large Offspring Syndrome, which can be fatal to the clone and the animal it came out of. For bovines that have been bred out of cloning, it can occur in around half of the attempts. Also, 1 in 4 bovi nes can also contract a disease called hydrops, which is when the animal swells with fluid it has retained.(Advantages and Disadvantages)(Center for Genetics and Society) This reasons for why human cloning is bad is because it will make overpopulation a bigger problem than it already is and egg extraction is very risky. It will make overpopulation a bigger problem because a women can only have one baby a year and if scientists have a bunch of womens eggs, they can create a lot more than just one. This leads me to my next issue with it as taking eggs from women is extremely risky. Paying women for their eggs can be damaging to them and some women might feel pressured to give them away if they need money. Otherwise, women wouldnt give away their eggs if they werent being paid for it. (The Case Against Human Cloning) Although, I am for animal and plant cloning, I can recognize when something is not all perfect. I still that plants and animals is safe enough but, people should not be cloned. Work Cited Animal Cloning: Old MacDonalds Farm Is Not What It Used To Be. Remedies From Native American Cultures, www.manataka.org/page1033.html. Animal Cloning: Old MacDonalds Farm Is Not What It Used To Be. Remedies From Native American Cultures, www.manataka.org/page1033.html. Burgstaller, Jerg Patrick, and Gottfried Brem. Aging of Cloned Animals: A www.karger.com/Article/FullText/452444. Crystal Lombardo. Vittana.org, 8 Nov. 2017, vittana.org/10-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-cloning-animals. Reproductive Cloning Arguements Pros and Cons. How Much Do Stem Cell Treatments Really Cost? | Center for Genetics and Society, 15 May 2006, www.geneticsandsociety.org/internal-content/reproductive-cloning-arguments-pro-and-con. Research Cloning Arguement Pros and Cons. How Much Do Stem Cell Treatments Really Cost? | Center for Genetics and Society, 2006, www.geneticsandsociety.org/internal-content/research-cloning-arguments-pro-and-con. The Case Against Human Cloning. RNA Editing Tools Could Create New Disease Therapies BioNews, 28 Sept. 2015, www.bionews.org.uk/page_95215